For now this is a place for me to put alternate names for various countries and other places, mostly intended for people interested in conlanging or alternate history. Many of these terms come from other languages (in which case they'll be in italics, some of these will be Anglicized (in which case they won't be in italics).

Europe

Estonia

• Estland; Eistland - names used in Germanic languages, based on the Aestii
• Igaunia - Latvian name Igaunija; based on Ugaunia (see below)
• Maavald; Maarahvas - native Estonian names for Estonia and the Estonians; the language was called Maakeel
• Terra Mariana - Medieval name for Old Livonia (Wikipedia link)
• Ugaunia - based on Ugandi County (Wikipedia link)

Germany

• Almain; Almany; Allemagne - based on the Alemanni tribe
• Deutschland; Þéodiscland; Tedesco - from Old High German diutisc, meaning "of the people".
• Germany; Germania - from the Germanic tribes; either from gáizamannans ("spear men"), or Gaulish garm- ("neighbours"), or rleated to Irish gairm ("war cry").
• Niemcy; Nemačka - Slavic names, from němьcь meaning "mute".
• Miksiskāi - Prussian name, from miksît, "to stammer".
• Saksa; Saksamaa - Finnish and Estonian names; from the Saxon tribe.
• Suðrvegr - Old Norse name, meaning "south way", as opposed to Norway ("north way").
• Vācija and Vokietija - Latvian and Lithuanian names; maybe from the Vagoths, or from a word meaning "war cry".

Icelandic

• Fjallkonan; Fjalldrottning - "lady of the mountain" and "queen of the mountain"
• Frón - Old Norse word for "land", sometimes used for Iceland
• Garðarshólmi - "island of Garðar", after Garðar Svavason
• Hrímey; Hrímgrund; Hrímland - names based on hrím, which means "rime", or a type of ice.
• Jökulmær